PENGEMBANGAN VIRTUAL LABORATORY BERBASIS PEMODELAN EKSPERIMEN INGENHOUSZ SEBAGAI REPRESENTASI DINAMIKA LAJU FOTOSINTESIS

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the validity of a Virtual Laboratory based on Ingenhousz experiment modeling as a representation of photosynthesis rate dynamics for senior high school students. This development research utilized Thiagarajan's 4-D Model restricted to the development stage, encompassing the define and design phases. Initial analysis at SMAN 2 Makassar indicated that photosynthesis learning is still dominated by conventional methods, while students (97%) have a high demand for interactive digital media to visualize abstract concepts. The developed website-based Virtual Laboratory integrates interactive materials, experiment simulations with variable manipulation (light intensity, temperature, CO₂ concentration), real-time graphical data visualization, and learning evaluation. Validation results recorded an average score of 4.69 from material experts and 4.71 from media experts, calculating a total average score of 4.70 (valid category). These findings confirm that the Ingenhousz experiment-based Virtual Laboratory is feasible as an interactive, analytical alternative learning resource capable of overcoming the limitations of physical biology laboratory facilities in schools.